{"id":31609,"date":"2015-09-30T11:49:35","date_gmt":"2015-09-30T02:49:35","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/en.dailynk.com\/en\/?p=31609"},"modified":"2026-04-05T12:31:30","modified_gmt":"2026-04-05T03:31:30","slug":"interview-ha-tae-kyung-on-potentia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.dailynk.com\/english\/interview-ha-tae-kyung-on-potentia\/","title":{"rendered":"Interview: Ha Tae Kyung on potential for government-backed civilian broadcasts to NK"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/span><\/p>\n


<\/span><\/div>\n
\n

The following is a transcript of Unification Media Group’s recent interview (video available in Korean above) with Saenuri Party lawmaker Ha Tae Kyung.<\/p>\n

Unification Media Group [UMG]: The recent high-level inter-Korean talks
\nhave highlighted the importance of civilian broadcasts into North Korea. As
\nsomeone who used to head Open Radio for North Korea, it must carry more meaning
\nfor you. What role do you think these broadcasts have?<\/i><\/b> <\/p>\n

Rep. Ha Tae Kyung: Simply put, I think we
\ncan call it a \u2018bridge for unification\u2019. If we want to see reunification, we
\nneed these broadcasts, but I\u2019ve never seen anyone from the current
\nadministration leading unification policies discuss the importance of these
\nbroadcasts. To me, it seems like they don\u2019t feel desperate enough about
\nunification.<\/span> <\/p>\n

I think if you\u2019re serious about it, you
\ncan\u2019t leave out these broadcasts. The reason for that is because in order to
\nreunify, you need to know each other well. North Koreans don\u2019t know much about
\nus, so we need to tell them more. The most effective method is using radio
\nmessages. Despite this, not one person — not the unification minister, not the
\npresidential office — has said \u2018we need these broadcasts, and they play a very
\nimportant role\u2019.<\/span> <\/p>\n

-Some have said these broadcasts have given
\nthe South an upper hand, and that it should use them as leverage to draw
\nPyongyang out to the negotiating table.<\/i><\/b><\/span> <\/p>\n

Radio broadcasts are essential for
\nreunification. Broadcasts and media are important as part of our policies for
\nNorth Korea, and we were able to use this as a policy tool during the landmine
\nincident, forcing Pyongyang to take a step back. We need these kinds of policy
\ntools. In the past, we mostly relied on diplomatic and economic sanctions to
\nget Pyongyang to give in, apologize, or make concessions. Diplomatic tools
\nrefer to severing ties, and economic sanctions refer to putting restrictions on
\ncountries that North Korea conducts trade with.<\/span> <\/p>\n

One of the prime examples would be the May
\n24 sanctions. After the Cheonan attack back on March 26th, 2010, Seoul rolled
\nout the May sanctions. The UN issued sanctions on the North after it carried
\nout nuclear tests, and Seoul did the same when it carried out the Cheonan attack.
\nEach time, the North never apologized, nor did it come to the negotiating
\ntable. But this time, not a week had passed since Seoul started up its
\nloudspeakers, and Pyongyang made concessions.<\/span> <\/p>\n

It\u2019s pretty obvious what this means.
\nDiplomatic, economic sanctions don\u2019t have effects, but broadcasts do, so it\u2019s
\ntime to shift the paradigm toward media campaigns into the North. That\u2019s what
\nI\u2019m urging the government to do now: shift the paradigm. I intend to continue
\nurging the government to completely change the direction of its policies from
\nthe diplomatic and economic front to the media front. Next month, when
\nparliament holds its interpellation session, I plan on addressing this issue
\nand persuading the unification minister, the prime minister, and defense minister.
\n<\/span><\/p>\n

-I believe radio broadcasts and other media
\nplay a large role in changing the North Korean people and the system. Do you
\nthink delivering information to the North can become a cause of change in the
\ncountry?<\/i><\/b><\/span> <\/p>\n

In terms of effects, the easiest comparison
\nwould start with the loudspeakers on the border. If the South were to broadcast via loudspeakers all along the border, it would reach roughly 600,000 North Korean troops on the
\nborder. But if we were to make that radio broadcasts, I believe roughly 10 percent of the
\npopulation, so two to three million people, would have access. <\/span><\/p>\n

We\u2019ve conducted
\nmultiple surveys on North Korean defectors, or those residing in China, and
\nresults show that 10 percent would be able to tune into radio broadcasts. If we
\nwere to go one step further and offer TV services, because 70 to 80 percent of
\nthe population has a TV at home, the impact would be even greater. <\/span><\/p>\n

-So loudspeakers are only effective near
\nthe demilitarized zone, whereas, radio broadcasts would be available for North
\nKoreans across the country. This is why people argue that civilian broadcasts
\nare more important tools in changing the North rather than loudspeaker
\npropaganda.<\/i><\/b><\/span> <\/p>\n

If you\u2019re talking about the impact, radio
\nis better than loudspeakers, and television is better than radio, so these parts
\nneed to be well reflected when drawing up policies. <\/span><\/p>\n

-The sad reality is, there is not enough
\ninterest and shared interest in the importance of these radio broadcasts.
\nThere\u2019s not enough government support, and the public is not very interested,
\nso what kind of measures do you think we can use to rally up more government
\nsupport and interest?<\/i><\/b><\/span> <\/p>\n

The South Korean government is doing a very
\nbad job when it comes to this field. Other foreign governments are actually
\nmore active. In the U.S., the government provides support through the Voice of
\nAmerica and Radio Free Asia, and it even uses AM frequency waves from the
\nSouth. BBC is also planning a daily news program to broadcast into the
\nNorth, backed by the British government.<\/span> <\/p>\n

In the South, civilian broadcasters
\nincluding Unification Media Group, have been going at this for ten years, using
\nforeign-based transmission stations and all without support from the
\ngovernment, which turns a blind eye to this area. From a broadcaster’s point of
\nview, the most important thing is to get the right channel, the right frequency
\nthat people can easily access. This is something that the government can assist
\nwith. It\u2019s not too late for the government to now start actively reviewing how
\nit can help these civilian broadcasters.<\/span> <\/p>\n

-You submitted a revised broadcast bill
\nrecently.. What\u2019s the key issue that you\u2019re looking to have amended?<\/i><\/b><\/span> <\/p>\n

What the National Assembly does is create
\nlaws that can be enforced when the government is not doing what it should be
\ndoing. Under current laws, the government can, if it wants, provide support
\nwith frequencies. But the bill that I\u2019ve proposed is a \u2018Unification Broadcast
\nBill\u2019 that mandates support for radio broadcasts into the North, and it
\nrequires that the government select a broadcaster and support it with a
\nfrequency wave. There is also another bill submitted by Rep. Kim Eul Dong
\nrecently. It proposes to allow financial support to create programs, so the two
\nof these bills were proposed together.<\/span> <\/p>\n

-So it mainly deals with support for radio
\nbroadcasts into the North. What kind of results do you hope to see?<\/i><\/b><\/span> <\/p>\n

The main impact would be making the importance
\nof these broadcasts an issue for discussion. Through media, the South Korean
\npublic will also think about the importance of these civilian operations, and
\nit especially gives us different opportunities to urge the government to
\nsupport civilian broadcasters.<\/span> <\/p>\n

-One of the most important things in
\nproactively using media policies toward the North would be winning over support
\nfor medium-wave radio frequencies. If the bills are voted into law, do you
\nthink this would be a possibility?<\/span> <\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

I imagine a lot of people are probably not
\nso familiar with radio frequencies. There are largely three types: FM, AM, and
\nshortwave. FM is what most people in the South listen to, and it\u2019s known for
\nnot being able to travel long distances. If you listen to an FM frequency in
\nSeoul, by the time you get to Cheonan, the frequency will already have changed.
\nSo that means FM will not only fail to reach near the border area, it will not
\nbe able to be delivered across the North.<\/span> <\/p>\n

On the other hand, AM travels far. So if we
\nwere to broadcast in AM, North Koreans would be able to listen to it as well.
\nThe thing with shortwave is that it can reach the entire area in the North, but
\nthe frequency is unstable, and the quality is bad so there will be times when
\nyou can hear, and others when you can\u2019t. In other words, AM is the best option.
\nIf you look at the frequencies in the South, because FM is used the most,
\nthere\u2019s a lot of free room in AM frequencies. There\u2019s a much higher possibility
\nAM would be used for North Korean broadcasts, and that\u2019s why I\u2019m also saying we
\nshould allocate AM frequencies to civilian broadcasters. If the bill goes
\nthrough, it of course increases the chances of this happening.<\/span> <\/p>\n

-Some are worried about offering support for
\nfrequencies, saying that it could aggravate the North and worsen inter-Korean
\nrelations. How likely is it that the bill will pass?<\/span> <\/i><\/b><\/p>\n

Whenever we try to do something, there\u2019s
\nalways someone who says we shouldn\u2019t because it will upset the North Korean
\nleadership. If you approach things that way, you won\u2019t be able to get anything
\ndone. For example, if we tell the North not to conduct nuclear tests, that\u2019s
\ngoing to provoke the North a lot. But for that reason, are we to tell them to
\ncarry out nuclear tests? It\u2019s the same when it comes to condemning them for
\nhuman rights violations. <\/span><\/p>\n

The important thing is in order for us to
\nreunify, the North needs to not carry out nuclear tests, improve its human
\nrights, and for the two Koreas to know each other better through broadcasts.
\nThe North will likely launch complaints against it, but we need to just see
\nthings through.<\/span> <\/p>\n

So far, we haven\u2019t seen North Korea
\nstrongly complain about radio broadcasts. The messages are still being streamed
\nin. Pirate radio operations are much less provocative than loudspeaker operations.
\nSo they\u2019re much more effective in conveying information but less provocative.
\nThis is why the opposition party also believes there will be relatively less
\nresistance from the North.<\/span> <\/p>\n

If the government shows some proactive
\nmoves, I think there\u2019s more than enough chance of it winning approval in
\nparliament. What\u2019s more important is for the North to not see this as something
\nto complain about. They should instead launch their own pirate radio broadcasts
\ninto the South and make this a mutual operation. Then it would have nothing to
\ncomplain about.<\/span> <\/p>\n

-What kind of efforts do you need to see on
\nthe ground to get this bill through?<\/i><\/b><\/span> <\/p>\n

What the National Assembly fears the most
\nis public sentiment. If members of the public would come to recognize the importance
\nof these operations and understand that they\u2019re essential, then lawmakers will
\npass the bill. What the civilian radio broadcasters can do is create more
\nawareness, since a lot of people don\u2019t even know that these operations exist.
\nBroadcasters need to visit lawmakers, explain what they do, and carry out a
\nvariety of campaigns.<\/span> <\/p>\n

-Some say strengthening these operations is
\nthe same as getting ready for unification. This is because they believe it\u2019s
\nthe way to reduce the differences between South and North Koreans.<\/i><\/b><\/span> <\/p>\n

Broadcast is something that brings not only
\npeople from the South and North but the entire world together. One simple
\nexample would be Psy\u2019s \u201cGangnam Style.\u201d The Korean cultural wave \u2018Hallyu\u2019 is
\nthe same. It\u2019s broadcast worldwide, and people in Korea, the U.S., and China
\nsing the same song and dance.<\/span> <\/p>\n

The two Koreas are no different. Songs and
\ndances that those in their teens and 20s like in the South are loved by those
\nin the North as well. The problem is that there are North Koreans who cannot
\nwatch and cannot listen to this content. Some may have access, but they have to
\nwatch it through CDs or DVDs smuggled through the border.<\/span> <\/p>\n

What we need to do is make sure that
\neveryone can have access by delivering it through strong radio frequencies.
\nThis will help bring the cultures together. By sharing the same culture, we can
\novercome one of the biggest challenges in unification: cultural discrepancies.
\nWhat will allow us to get over this is the broadcasts that go into the North.
\nThey will play an immensely important role.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The following is a transcript of Unification Media Group’s recent interview (video available in Korean above) with Saenuri Party lawmaker Ha Tae Kyung. Unification Media Group [UMG]: The recent high-level inter-Korean talks have highlighted the importance of civilian broadcasts into North Korea. As someone who used to head Open Radio for North Korea, it must […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":122,"featured_media":31611,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[644],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-31609","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-analysis-and-opinion"],"yoast_head":"\nInterview: Ha Tae Kyung on potential for government-backed civilian broadcasts to NK - North Korea News \u2014 Daily NK | Latest DPRK Updates 2026<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dailynk.com\/english\/interview-ha-tae-kyung-on-potentia\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Interview: Ha Tae Kyung on potential for government-backed civilian broadcasts to NK\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The following is a transcript of Unification Media Group’s recent interview (video available in Korean above) with Saenuri Party lawmaker Ha Tae Kyung. 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Unification Media Group [UMG]: The recent high-level inter-Korean talks have highlighted the importance of civilian broadcasts into North Korea. 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