{"id":31120,"date":"2015-07-06T10:15:31","date_gmt":"2015-07-06T01:15:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/en.dailynk.com\/en\/?p=31120"},"modified":"2020-01-17T09:00:59","modified_gmt":"2020-01-17T00:00:59","slug":"jangmadang-generation-at-the-core","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.dailynk.com\/english\/jangmadang-generation-at-the-core\/","title":{"rendered":"&#8216;Jangmadang Generation&#8217; at the core of change in NK"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span lang=\"EN-US\"><\/p>\n<table border=\"0\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\" class=\"bbs_caption1_box\" align=\"center\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"center\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.dailynk.com\/english\/efile\/201507\/DNKE_1307_295691_1436143710_i.jpg\"><br \/><a class=\"bbs_caption1\">Image: Daily NK<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">North Korea\u2019s market generation embodies a decided lack of political loyalty and cohesion and are at the core of a<br \/>\nsociety of passive resistance, a panel of experts at the recent event, \u201cNorth Korea<\/span>\u2019<span lang=\"EN-US\">s Jangmadang: New Generation,<\/span>\u201d<span lang=\"EN-US\"> asserted.<\/span>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">Hosted by the Institute for Far Eastern<br \/>\nStudies (IFES) in Seoul, the event focused heavily on the &#8216;<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\">Arduous March&#8217; &#8212; the nationwide famine<br \/>\nthat struck North Korea in the mid-1990s &#8212; and its role in spawning an &nbsp;entire generation<br \/>\nknown as &nbsp;the &#8216;<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\">Jangmadang (market) Generation.&#8217;<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span lang=\"EN-US\"><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">\u201cThe Jangmadang Generation (JG) refers to people born in 1980s and<br \/>\n1990s. They are used to hearing adults saying, \u2018Life was not this difficult<br \/>\nwhen the Supreme Leader (Kim Il Sung) reigned,'&#8221;&nbsp;<\/span>Park In Ho, president of Daily NK, said at the seminar, explaining how this generation grew up listening to a constant comparison to the difficulties of life under Kim Jong Il compared to the prosperity of life under Kim Il Sung.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\">He maintained that this, in turn, fostered a generation far less likely to maintain unconditional loyalty and respect for Kim Jong Un, given how often his father&#8217;s failings were punctuated throughout their upbringing.<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">This famine wrought<br \/>\nmany changes, a<\/span>s citizens took to the markets to survive, spurring a&nbsp;<span lang=\"EN-US\">long-term decentralization and restructuring of the<br \/>\neconomy as well as a bottom-up opening of society, said Park Sokeel, director of<br \/>\nresearch and strategy for Liberty in North Korea [LiNK].<\/span>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">From an early age, the &#8216;Jangmadang<br \/>\nGeneration&#8217; experienced and partook in a marketized economy, making them <\/span>\u201c<span lang=\"EN-US\">profit-driven, independent,<br \/>\nconsumerist, materialistic, and individualistic,<\/span>\u201d<span lang=\"EN-US\">&nbsp;Park explained.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">He went on to add that North Korea<\/span>\u2019<span lang=\"EN-US\">s<br \/>\nexpansive system of markets has significantly increased smuggling, seeing the availability of CDs, DVDs, MP3s, flash drives, mobile phones, laptops, and other<br \/>\ngoods made in capitalist nations swell within the isolated country.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">This spurred an unprecedented number of<br \/>\npeople in the younger generation to watch foreign media content, which is deemed illegal according to North Korean penal code. Although the effects are not immediate, watching<br \/>\nforeign media invokes in citizens more psychological independence from the<br \/>\nstate and causes them to adhere less unconditionally to its propaganda.<\/span>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">Park illustrated his point by showing four<br \/>\nvideo interviews with North Korean defectors, exemplifying the notion that this &#8216;<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\">Jangmadang Generation&#8217;<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\">&nbsp;has <\/span>\u201c<span lang=\"EN-US\">grown up on capitalism,<\/span>\u201d<span lang=\"EN-US\"> with many of them<br \/>\nengaged in business operations smuggling in and selling off fashionable items<br \/>\ncoveted by residents viewing illicit South Korean dramas.<\/span>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">However, despite the fact that more North Koreans<br \/>\nare engaging in marketized economy and gaining access to foreign media<br \/>\ncontent, research director of NK News, Gianluca Spezza, maintained some skepticism<br \/>\ntoward the overall changes within North Korean society, specifically drawing on education issues as example.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"MsoNormal\"><span lang=\"EN-US\">He pointed out that North Korea&#8217;s nearly 100% literacy rate, which is often touted as major positive force and potential driver of development amid an influx of change, is a result of a state aimed at ensuring more ease in facilitating indoctrination of the masses, rendering much of this information of questionable value or practicality in other applications.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Image: Daily NK North Korea\u2019s market generation embodies a decided lack of political loyalty and cohesion and are at the core of a society of passive resistance, a panel of experts at the recent event, \u201cNorth Korea\u2019s Jangmadang: New Generation,\u201d asserted.&nbsp; Hosted by the Institute for Far Eastern Studies (IFES) in Seoul, the event focused [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":122,"featured_media":31122,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"wikipediapreview_detectlinks":true,"footnotes":""},"categories":[67],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-31120","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-news"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.7 (Yoast SEO v28.1) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>&#039;Jangmadang Generation&#039; at the core of change in NK - North Korea News \u2014 Daily NK | Latest DPRK Updates 2026<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dailynk.com\/english\/jangmadang-generation-at-the-core\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"&#039;Jangmadang Generation&#039; at the core of change in NK\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Image: Daily NK North Korea\u2019s market generation embodies a decided lack of political loyalty and cohesion and are at the core of a society of passive resistance, a panel of experts at the recent event, \u201cNorth Korea\u2019s Jangmadang: New Generation,\u201d asserted.&nbsp; Hosted by the Institute for Far Eastern Studies (IFES) in Seoul, the event focused [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.dailynk.com\/english\/jangmadang-generation-at-the-core\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"North Korea News \u2014 Daily NK | Latest DPRK Updates 2026\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2015-07-06T01:15:31+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2020-01-17T00:00:59+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.dailynk.com\/english\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2015\/07\/DNKF00013323_List-1024x853.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1024\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"853\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Daily NK\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Daily NK\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.dailynk.com\\\/english\\\/jangmadang-generation-at-the-core\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.dailynk.com\\\/english\\\/jangmadang-generation-at-the-core\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Daily NK\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.dailynk.com\\\/english\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/4e0f6adc3d039444440ecc65e9e0aef5\"},\"headline\":\"&#8216;Jangmadang Generation&#8217; 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